DISASTER MEDICINE No. 1 •2026

https://doi.org/10.33266/2070-1004-2026-1

Original article

Features of the Formation and Etiopathogenesis of Fatty Liver Disease in Firefighters

Gatsura V.Yu. 1,3, Sannikov M.V. 2, Reinyuk V.L. 3, Pyatibrat A.O. 3,4, Sukhotherina E.G. 4, Pyatibrat E.D. 5

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1 Polyclinic No. 1 of the Medical and Sanitary Unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

2 Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, EMERCOM of Russia, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

3 Scientific and Clinical Center of Toxicology named after Academician S.N.Golikov of the FMBA of Russia, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

4 Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

5 Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

UDC 616.36-003.826-02:613.62:614.842

P. 49-55

 

Summary. The aim of this study is to develop a prognostic algorithm that makes it possible to differentiate non–alcoholic fatty liver disease by etiological factor in firefighters of the Federal Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia.
Research materials and methods. The analysis of the dioxin content in blood lipids, anthropometric data, instrumental, biochemical parameters and the dependence of the microbiota composition on the concentration of dioxins in blood lipids was carried out in 121 firefighters, as well as in 125 workers and employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia who did not participate in firefighting (control group).
Research results and their analysis. Firefighters suffering from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are characterized by higher indicators of alanine aminotransferase, liver echogenicity and lower values of body mass index, insulin resistance index, atherogenicity coefficient, triglyceride concentration, in comparison with the group not performing firefighting tasks in their professional activities. An analysis of the concentration of microbiota in firefighters indicates its relationship with the level of dioxins in blood lipids, there is a significant decrease in the concentration of normal and an increase in the concentration of opportunistic microflora compared with the specialists of the control group.
Conclusion. Fatty degeneration of the liver in the examined firefighters is more associated with exposure to toxic combustion products, including dioxins, when extinguishing fires. The developed algorithm makes it possible to predict the formation of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and differentiate the predominantly toxic etiology from the metabolic one in firefighters of the Russian Emergencies Ministry.

Keywords: dioxins, etiopathogenesis, fire, firefighter, firefighting, intestinal microbiota, microbiome disturbance, non–alcoholic fatty liver disease, toxicology

For citation: Gatsura V.Yu., Sannikov M.V., Reinyuk V.L., Pyatibrat A.O., Sukhotherina E.G., Pyatibrat E.D. Features of the Formation and Etiopathogenesis of Fatty Liver Disease in Firefighters. Meditsina Katastrof = Disaster Medicine. 2026;1:49-55 (In Russ.). doi: 10.33266/2070-1004-2026-1-49-55

 

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The material was received 04.12.25; the article after peer review procedure 12.01.26; the Editorial Board accepted the article for publication 16.03.26
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