DISASTER MEDICINE No. 4 •2025

https://doi.org/10.33266/2070-1004-2025-4

ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF MEDICAL EVACUATION

Review article

Robotic and Unmanned Complexes for Medical Evacuation of the Wounded. Message 1: Ground-Based Robotic Systems for Medical Evacuation. Analysis of Application Experience in Different Countries of the World

Markin I.V. 1, Fisun A.Ya. 2, Potapov P.K. 3, Zhurbin E.A. 1, Noskov N.S. 1, Shakhov K.Yu. 1, Ovchinnikov P.A. 1, Skidanova A.S. 4

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1 Military Innovative Technopolis “ERA”, Anapa, Russian Federation

2 Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

3 St. Petersburg Medical and Social Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

4 State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation

UDC 614.2:004.896:355.72

Р. 82-90

 

Summary. Modern medical evacuation measures have undergone a major transformation due to the identification of a large number of outdated organizational and material aspects. Undoubtedly, a Special Military Operation has become a significant impetus for fundamental changes. One of the key points was the serious integration of robotic complexes into the evacuation system.

The purpose of the study is to analyze modern world developments used for ground–based robotic medical evacuation of the wounded and identify the main development trends.

Research materials and methods. Open sources of information, publications were searched in Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, and the eLibrary electronic library, news publications posted on the Internet were viewed, ect.

Results. The technical characteristics of more than 10 ground-based robotic complexes used by different countries to provide evacuation measures have been found and analyzed. Their positive qualities have been identified, which significantly simplify human efforts during evacuation. Along with this, the disadvantages of these robotic systems are also noted, which may lead to additional injury to the victim during evacuation.

Conclusion. The introduction of robotic complexes into the evacuation system is especially important, given the increasing number of natural and man-made emergencies, as well as the growing demand for risk reduction for medical personnel in modern wars and military conflicts. Already today, such complexes solve the tasks of searching for victims in difficult conditions and transporting people to a safe place in automatic mode.

Keywords: ground-based robotic systems, medical evacuation of the wounded, search and rescue robots, tactical and technical characteristics, unmanned systems, victims, wars and military conflicts

For citation: Markin I.V., Fisun A.Ya., Potapov P.K., Zhurbin E.A., Noskov N.S., Shakhov K.Yu., Ovchinnikov P.A., Skidanova A.S. Robotic and Unmanned Complexes for Medical Evacuation of the Wounded. Message 1: Ground-Based Robotic Systems for Medical Evacuation. Analysis of Application Experience in Different Countries of the World. Meditsina Katastrof = Disaster Medicine. 2025;4:82-90 (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33266/2070-1004-2025-4-82-90

 

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The material was received 01.09.25; the article after peer review procedure 27.11.25; the Editorial Board accepted the article for publication 12.12.25