ORGANIZATION AND TACTICS OF DISASTER MEDICINE SERVICE
1. Cheplyaev A.A., Shabanov V.Eh., Murin M.B. Participation of Field Multiprofile Hospital of ARCDM «Zaschita» in Humanitarian Actions in South Ossetia and Abkhasia
The information is presented on work of the field multiprofile hospital in the Republics of South Ossetia and Abkhasia within the framework of the interagency humanitarian action of Frontier Guard Service of Russia “Mutual Help, Cooperation, Security”.
Key words: ARCDM “Zaschita”, FSB hospital, field multiprofile hospital, interagency health situation, humanitarian actions, morbidity, Republic of Abkhasia, Repulic of Sourh Ossetia, researches, surgery
2. Koryakovsky L.N., Barachevsky Yu.E., Konovalov E.A., Kotlov A.P., Morshnev V.A. Archangelsk Oblast Center for Disaster Medicine Activities in 2006–2009
The main directions of activities of Archangelsk Oblast Center for disaster medicine in the field of mitigation and liquidation of medical and sanitary consequences of emergency situations in the territory of Oblast in 2006–2009 are analyzed.
Key words: Archangelsk Oblast Center for Disaster Medicine, emergency situations, fires, psychophysiological support, road traffic accidents
3. Sinopalnikov I.V. Organizational Aspects of Specialized Medical Care Delivery in Afghan and Northern Caucasus Conflicts
Temporary multifield first echelon military hospitals were set up during war in Afghanistan to provide specialized surgical care in particular combat operations. Multifield first echelon military hospitals typically absorbed up to 80% of wounded right from the battlefield.
Temporary multifield first echelon military hospitals during counter-terrorist operations in the Northern Caucasus were established on the boundaries of battle areas and have done a great volume of work. About 15,300 wounded were treated and over 6,600 operations were performed.
The conclusion is drawn on expediency of setting up of organic multifield first echelon military hospitals and medical enforcement groups.
Key words: Afghanistan, medical enforcement groups, multifield military hospital, specialized medical care, the Northern Caucasus
4. Amirov A.M., Ehrtukhanov M.-Sh.S., Murin M.B. Experience of Organization of Medical Care in Armed Conflict in Dagestan
The efficiency of treatment of wounded in a local armed conflict and its dependence on the number of stages of medical care delivery are analyzed. It is noted that stage-by-stage approach to medical care delivery in similar situations is directly connected with current combat situation, medical environment as well as weather conditions. The conclusion is drawn that the best outcomes were in cases of two-stage medical care.
Key words: efficiency of treatment of wounded, local armed conflict, medical evacuation, Republic of Dagestan, stage-by-stage medical care
5. Antipin E.B. Ensuring Emergency Preparedness of Regional Departments and Centers for Hygiene and Epidemiology of Federal Medical and Biology Agency
The normative and procedural framework is analyzed of activity in case of a radiation accident of outsourced high alert formations of regional and interregional departments and centers for hygiene and epidemiology Federal Medical and Biology Agency.
The shortcomings of normative and procedural support are noted. The suggestions are made on amalgamation of high alert teams and on setting up of interregional formations based on major regional and interregional departments and centers for hygiene and epidemiology of Federal Medical and Biology Agency of Russia.
Key words: centers for hygiene and epidemiology, emergency preparedness, Federal Medical and Biology Agency, high alert formations, radiation accident, regional departments
6. Grebenyuk A.N., Sosyukin A.E., Vasilyuk V.B., Sidorov D.A. Organization of Emergency Medical Care Rendering and of Acute Poisoning Treatment in Armed Forces of Russia
The crucial part of army doctor in diagnosis and treatment of acute chemical poisoning of servicemen is shown. It is stressed that the outcome depends on how fast and correctly the medical care is provided. The conclusion is drawn that when rendering medical care to toxicology patients stages of treatment should be minimized and the casualties should be promptly evacuated to a specialized hospital.
Key words: acute poisoning, Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, emergency medical care, medevac stages, treatment
CLINICAL ASPECTS OF DISASTER MEDICINE
7. Fedotov S.A., Dmitriev A.V., Tetyushkin M.A. Influence on Psychological Health of Indirect Involvement in Emergency Situations
A screening assessment of psychological status of people indirectly involved in emergency situations was carried out. It was found that 41% of those examined had clinically significant psychic tension and depression while 27% of them subclinical ones. The results evidence the presence of substantial psychoemotional stress in those indirectly involved in emergency situations and point to the necessity of the further studies of psychic disorders caused by indirect involvement in emergency situations and of elaboration of a program of timely detection, treatment and prophylactics of the pathology.
Key words: emergency situations, indirect involvement, population, psychological health
8. Yandiev S.I. Closed Intramedullary Osteosynthesis for Femoral Shaft Fractures in Children with Polytrauma
The surgical results are analyzed of 474 children with multiple and multisystem injuries from 552 children with femoral shaft fractures treated in the clinic in 1999–2010. In the majority of cases (250 сhildren, 257 operative measures) closed intramedullary fracture fixations were performed.
Methods/technologies of closed intramedullary osteosynthesis are presented.
The conclusion is drawn that one or another method/technology of closed intramedullary osteosynthesis for femoral shaft fractures is optimal in children with polytrauma depending on their age and the fracture type.
It is noted as well that closed intramedullary osteosynthesis for femoral shaft fractures in children with polytrauma ensures optimal conditions for further examinations and surgery that may prove necessary.
Key words: children with polytrauma, closed intramedullary osteosynthesis, femur, shaft fractures
9. Sinopalnikov I.V. First Medical Aid in Local War and Armed Conflicts
The specific features are shown of organization of rendering of first medical aid during the war in Afghanistan and counterterrorist operations in the Northern Caucasus.
The conclusion is drawn that moving regimental aid stations closer to combat deployment of troops and enforcement of the stations with doctors with primary training in surgery and intensive care had enhanced the efficiency of the aid and resulted in better outcomes.
Key words: Afghanistan, first medical aid, medevac preparation, regimental aid station, the Northern Caucasus
10. Pogodin Yu.I., Bochenkov A.A., Chermyanin S.V., Mikhalsky V.K. Psychological Characteristics of Doctors-Participants of Combat Actions
The results of assessment of psychological сharacteristics of doctors who took part in combat are presented. The examination was carried out at a chair of the Kirov Military Medical Academy with MPQ «Adaptivity», Cattell’s 16 PFQ and modified MMPI tests. The conclusion based on the results of the examination goes that participants of combat actions need posterior psychologic and sociologic adaptation.
Key words: adaptation, combat action participants, doctors, psychological сharacteristics
11. Alekhnovich A.V., Vasil’ev V.Yu., Livanov A.S., Sautin M.E., Gudkova O.E., Kaziev G.R. Endotoxemia, Oxidative Homeostasis and Erythrocyte Membrane Stability in Acute Poisoning by Psychotropic Agents
The results of a study of the influence of lipid peroxidation processes and of endotoxemia on erythrocyte membrane stability in case of chemical trauma are presented. The study was based on materials of management of 115 patients with diagnosed poisoning by psychotropic preparations. The results received indicate imbalance in oxidative homeostasis, endotoxemia and erythrocyte membrane instability that directly correlate with the severity of patient’s status. Endogenous ammonia and medium molecular peptides observed at 254 nm are among the most sensitive endotoxemia markers. The speed of membrane destruction when exposed to pulse electric field directly correlated with endotoxin and malondialdehyde concentration in blood serum.
Key words: acute poisoning, endotoxemia, erythrocyte membranes, oxidative homeostasis, psychotropic preparations
MEDICAL ASPECTS OF ROAD TRAFFIC SAFETY
12. Kurshev V.A., Suvorov S.G., Ivanov D.A., Mordvitskaya I.Yu. New Information Technologies in Sphere of Road Traffic Safety Support
The necessity of introduction of new information technologies and creation of a unified interagency system of road traffic safety management by integrating into a centralized information field of tested statistics reporting procedures of the agencies.
This will make possible the analysis of road safety situation on different stretches of road and to properly place the facilities and personnel for response to road traffic accidents and thus to mitigate their social consequences.
Key words: efficiency of medical care provision to casualties, new information technologies, road traffic accidents, road traffic safety, traffic accident forecasts, unified interagency system of road traffic safety
13. Kardanov A.V. Organization of Work of Territorial Center for Disaster Medicine in Medical Care Rendering to Casualties of Road Traffic Accidents on Federal Highways
Some materials are presented on organization of work of territorial center for disaster medicine in liquidation of medical and sanitary consequences of road traffic accidents on the federal highway «Caucasus» in the Kabardino-Balkar Republic. The conclusion is drawn that the integrated approach realized in solving the problem of road traffic safety in the territory of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic is an efficient form of medical care rendering to road traffic accidents casualties and can be recommended for introduction on federal highways of other regions of the Russian Federation.
Key words: casualties, emergency response teams, federal highway, road traffic accidents, special purpose mobile medical teams, territorial center for disaster medicine, track service
14. Ter-Ovakimyan A.V., Nikogosyan R.V. Road Traffic Accidents in Megapolis Environment: Perfecting Organization and Delivery of Emergency Medical Care at Prehospital Stage
The problems of organization and delivery of emergency medical care to road traffic casualties at prehospital stage in megapolis environment are given consideration. An algorithm of emergency care rendering to road traffic accident casualties is presented.
Key words: casualties, emergency medical care, megapolis, prehospital stage, road traffic accidents, megapolis
IN ORDER OF DISCUSSION
15. Kosmodem’yansky L.V., Bobrov A.F., Bashir-Zade T.S. Methodological Approach to Quantitative Assessment of Inter-System Interaction in Organism of People in Hazardous Occupations
A methodological approach is presented to quantitative assessment of inter-system interaction in organism of people in hazardous occupations based on definition of entropy probability function. Boundary parameters of entropy in relation to “norm”, “stress” and “exhaustion” of inter-system interaction are defined. A verification of the research results is done.
Key words: entropy, information theory, methodological approach, people in hazardous occupations, quantitative assessment of inter-system interaction, Shannon’s equation, theory of determined chaos
SHORT REPORTS
16. Kayumova L.I., Pozdnyakov A.V., Gudkov A.G. Organization of Banking of Blood and Blood Components with Use of «Hemoexpress» Complex in Emergency Situation
17. Bobiy B.V., Peshkun A.V. Some Treatment Results of Gunshot Fractures of Long Bones of Limbs
CASE REPORT
18. Filippov A.Yu. Aeromedical Evacuation of Patient in Very Serious Condition from Egypt