61-65 – “Disaster Medicine” Journal

DISASTER MEDICINE No. 1 •2026

https://doi.org/10.33266/2070-1004-2026-1

Original article

A Comprehensive Risk Management Model to Ensure Safety in First Aid Practical Training for Non-Medical Personnel

Kostyuk I.I.¹, Savchenko O.A.^1,2, Kropotov I.Yu.¹, Savchenko O.A.³

¹ Territorial Center of Disaster Medicine of Omsk Region of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Omsk, Russian Federation

² Novosibirsk Scientific Research Institute of Hygiene of Rospotrebnadzor, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation

³ Omsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Omsk, Russian Federation

UDC 61:614.812:372.8

P. 61-65

Summary. The aim of the study is to develop and test a comprehensive model for methodological support of safety, based on the principle of continuous risk management and integrated into all stages of practical first aid training for individuals without medical education.
Materials and methods of research. The subject of the study is the methodological approaches to ensuring safety within the framework of the educational process for first aid training for non-medical personnel. The material basis of the study consisted of: the current regulatory and legal framework governing first aid training and occupational safety and the generalized long-term practical experience of the teaching staff of the Territorial Center for Disaster Medicine (Omsk). The methodological basis was formed by a set of complementary methods, grouped into three blocks: the theoretical-analytical block (regulatory-legal, literary-analytical, and system analysis to form conceptual and normative foundations); the empirical-analytical block (generalization, formalization, and structuring of pedagogical experience to identify risk management practices); the practical-methodical block (application of adapted pedagogical methods and special safety techniques).
The results of the study and their analysis. As a result of systematic analysis and the formalization of many years of experience, a comprehensive model for methodological safety support has been developed and tested. The key outcome is the implementation of the principle of integrated risk management, structured as a four-stage system: 1) preliminary planning and risk assessment (site audit, hazard identification, development of ‘safe algorithms’); 2) introductory briefing and task assignment (targeted instruction, role definition, introduction of stop signals); 3) practical training with continuous monitoring and support (working in ‘triads’, the principle of ‘from simple to complex’, multi-level pedagogical supervision); 4) final analysis, reflection, and self-assessment (error review, feedback, evaluation of safety measure effectiveness). A key element is working in ‘triplets’ with a mandatory ‘spotter’ role, which ensures mutual supervision and minimizes injuries. The presented model transforms safety provision from a set of disparate rules into a controlled educational system. It minimizes risks, reduces psychological barriers for learners, and contributes to the development of proper practical skills.

Keywords: end-to-end risk management model, first aid, pedagogical control, persons without medical education, practical training, safety, territorial center for disaster medicine

For citation: Kostyuk I.I., Savchenko O.A., Kropotov I.Yu., Savchenko O.A.^,A Comprehensive Risk Management Model to Ensure Safety in First Aid Practical Training for Non-Medical Personnel. Meditsina Katastrof = Disaster Medicine. 2026;1:61-65 (In Russ.). doi: 10.33266/2070-1004-2026-1-61-65

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The material was received 04.04.25; the article after peer review procedure 26.01.26; the Editorial Board accepted the article for publication 16.03.26