DISASTER MEDICINE No. 1 •2026
https://doi.org/10.33266/2070-1004-2026-1
FIRST AID
Original article
Analysis of Population’s Knowledge of First Aid Procedures for Victims
Stanishevskiy A.L. 1
Download the article in pdf format
1 Institute of Advanced Training and Retraining of Healthcare Personnel of Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
UDC 614.88:616.12-008.313.315-08:374.7
P. 56-60
Summary. The aim of the study is to assess the level of population’s knowledge of the first aid procedure.
Materials and methods. Materials of the study – normative legal acts of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation on this problem, materials of anonymous questionnaire survey of respondents without medical education.
Research methods – general scientific research methods, analysis of the regulatory framework, statistical analysis, which included descriptive statistics, and univariate binary logistic regression analysis.
Research results and their analysis. 21.4% of respondents are not ready to provide first aid, 27.5% – have no idea about the procedure of first aid provision, 28.8% – will use outdated methods of first aid provision and only 22.3% will provide first aid in accordance with modern international standards. It was concluded that at present, practical training of the population in first aid skills, on the one hand, increases its readiness to provide first aid, on the other hand, it contains irrelevant methods of providing it.
The author proposes organizational and legal measures aimed at updating the regulatory legal framework, optimizing educational and methodological support, raising awareness and the necessary motivation of the population.
Key words: first aid procedures, first aid, legal framework, population, practical skills, preparedness, training, victims
For citation: Stanishevskiy A.L. Analysis of Population’s Knowledge of First Aid Procedures for Victims. Meditsina Katastrof = Disaster Medicine. 2026;1:56-60 (In Russ.). doi: 10.33266/2070-1004-2026-1-56-60
СПИСОК ИСТОЧНИКОВ / REFERENCES
- Newman M.M. Chain of Survival Concept Takes Hold. J Emerg Med Serv. 1989;14;8:11-13.
- Cummins R.O., Ornato J.P., Thies W.H., Pepe P.E. Improving Survival from Sudden Cardiac Arrest: the “Chain of Survival” Concept. A Statement for Health Professionals from the Advanced Cardiac Life Support Subcommittee and the Emergency Cardiac Care Committee, American Heart Association. Circulation. 1991;83;5:1832-1847. PMID: 2022039. Doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.83.5.1832.
- Nolan J., Soar J., Eikeland H. The Chain of Survival. Resuscitation. 2006;71;3:270-271. Doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2006.09.001. PMID: 17070646.
- Bakke H.K, Wisborg T. The Trauma Chain of Survival – Each Link is Equally Important (but some Links are more Equal than others). Injury. 2017;48;5:975-977. Doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.04.001. PMID: 28427610.
- Latif R.K., Clifford S.P., Baker J.A., Lenhardt R., Haq M.Z., Huang J., et al. Traumatic Hemorrhage and Chain of Survival. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2023;31;1:25. Doi: 10.1186/s13049-023-01088-8. PMID: 37226264.
- Rudd A.G., Bladin C., Carli P., De Silva D.A., Field T.S., Jauch E.C., et al. Utstein Recommendation for Emergency Stroke Care. Int J Stroke. 2020;15;5:555-564. PMID: 32223543. Doi: 10.1177/1747493020915135.
- Szpilman D., de Barros Oliveira R., Mocellin O., Webber J. Is Drowning a Mere Matter of Resuscitation? Resuscitation. 2018;129:103-106. Doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2018.06.018. PMID: 29928958.
- DeGroot D.W., Litchfield A.C., Blodgett C.A., Rhodehouse B.B., Hudson K.P. Chain of Survival for a Severe Exertional Heat Stroke Casualty. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2025;138;3:699-705. Doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01006.2024. PMID: 39930880.
- Schnaubelt S., Garg R., Atiq H., Baig N., Bernardino M., Bigham B., et al. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Low-Resource Settings: a Statement by the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation, Supported by the AFEM, EUSEM, IFEM, and IFRC. Lancet Glob Health. 2023;11;9:e1444-e1453. Doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00302-9. PMID: 37591590.
- Semeraro F., Greif R., Böttiger B.W., Burkart R., Cimpoesu D., Georgiou M., et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Systems Saving Lives. Resuscitation. 2021;161:80-97. Doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.02.008. PMID: 33773834.
- Schnaubelt S., Monsieurs K.G., Fijacko N., Veigl C., Al-Hilali Z., Atiq H., et al. International Facets of the ‘Chain of Survival’ for Out-of-Hospital and in-Hospital Cardiac Arrest – a Scoping Review. Resusc Plus. 2024;19:100689. Doi: 10.1016/j.resplu.2024.100689. PMID: 38988609.
- Станишевский А.Л. Первая помощь: вопросы готовности и обучения населения сердечно-легочной реанимации // Скорая медицинская помощь. 2024. Т.25. №4. С. 59-65 [Stanishevskiy A.L. First Aid: Issues of Readiness and Training of the Population in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Skoraya Meditsinskaya Pomoshch’ = Emergency Medical Care. 2024;25;4:59-65 (In Russ.)]. Doi: 10.24884/2072-6716-2024-25-4-59-65.
- Дежурный Л.И., Закурдаева А.Ю., Колодкин А.А., Неудахин Г.В., Колодкина В.И., Мешков Е.И. Первая помощь в Российской Федерации: на пороге перемен // Медицина катастроф. 2024. №4. С. 5-12. [Dezhurnyy L.I., Zakurdayeva A.YU., Kolodkin A.A., Neudakhin G.V., Kolodkina V.I., Meshkov Ye.I. First Aid in the Russian Federation: on the Threshold of Change. Meditsina Katastrof = Disaster Medicine. 2024;4:5-12 (In Russ.)]. Doi: 10.33266/2070-1004-2024-4-5-12.
- Шуайбова М.О., Гуменюк С.А, Дежурный Л.И. Обучение детей дошкольного возраста приемам оказания первой помощи // Современные проблемы здравоохранения и медицинской статистики. 2024. №2. С. 859-872 [Shuaybova M.O., Gumenyuk S.A, Dezhurnyy L.I. Teaching Preschool Children First Aid Techniques. Sovremennyye Problemy Zdravookhraneniya i Meditsinskoy Statistiki = Current Problems of Health Care and Medical Statistics. 2024;2:859-872 (In Russ.)]. Doi: 10.24412/2312-2935-2024-2-859-872.
- Станишевский А.Л., Соколов Ю.А., Тимошук А.Л., Новикова Н.П. Первая помощь: вопросы информирования, мотивации и обучения населения // Медицинские новости. 2024. №12. С. 19-23 [Stanishevskiy A.L., Sokolov Yu.A., Timoshuk A.L., Novikova N.P. First Aid: Issues of Informing, Motivating and Training the Population. Meditsinskiye Novosti = Medical News. 2024;12:19-23 (In Russ.)].
- Станишевский А.Л., Соколов Ю.А., Сокольчик В.Н., Сенатор В.В. Организационно-правовые аспекты оказания первой помощи: анализ осведомленности населения // Медицинские новости. 2024. №7. С. 43-49 [Stanishevskiy A.L., Sokolov Yu.A., Sokol’chik V.N., Senator V.V. Organizational and Legal Aspects of First Aid: Analysis of Public Awareness. Meditsinskiye Novosti = Medical News. 2024;7:43-49 (In Russ.)].
- Станишевский А.Л. Перспективные пути повышения информированности населения о правилах оказания первой помощи // Скорая медицинская помощь. 2024. Т.25. №3. С. 27-33. [Stanishevskiy A.L. Promising Ways to Improve Public Awareness of First Aid Rules. Skoraya Meditsinskaya Pomoshch’ = Emergency Medical Care. 2024;25;3:27-33 (In Russ.)]. Doi: 10.24884/2072-6716-2024-25-3-27-33
- Jaskiewicz F., Timler W., Panasiuk J., Starosta K., Cierniak M., Kozlowski R., et al. Willingness and Barriers to Undertaking Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Reported by Medical Students after the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic-Single-Center Study. J Clin Med. 2024;13;2:438. Doi: 10.3390/jcm13020438. PMID: 38256572.
- Horriar L., Rott N., Böttiger B.W. Improving Survival after Cardiac Arrest in Europe: the Synergetic Effect of Rescue Chain Strategies. Resusc Plus. 2023;17:100533. Doi: 10.1016/j.resplu.2023.100533. PMID: 38205146.
- Станишевский А.Л. Готовность населения к выполнению сердечно-легочной реанимации: факторы инициации, барьеры и их предикторы // Медицина катастроф. 2024. №3. С. 17-21 [Stanishevskiy A.L. Population Readiness to Perform Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Initiation Factors, Barriers and their Predictors. Meditsina Katastrof = Disaster Medicine. 2024;3:17-21 (In Russ.)]. Doi: 10.33266/2070-1004-2024-3-17-21.
- Биркун А.А., Дежурный Л.И., Закурдаева А.Ю. Практика дистанционного консультирования очевидцев события диспетчерами экстренных служб по вопросам оказания первой помощи: предложения по совершенствованию нормативно-правовой базы // Медицина катастроф. 2023. №4. С. 65-72 [Birkun A.A., Dezhurnyy L.I., Zakurdayeva A.Yu. The Practice of Remote Consultation of Eyewitnesses of an Event by Emergency Service Dispatchers on First Aid Issues: Proposals for Improving the Regulatory Framework. Meditsina Katastrof = Disaster Medicine. 2023;4:65-72 (In Russ.)]. Doi: 10.33266/2070-1004-2023-4-65-72.
- Дежурный Л.И., Согомонян К.А., Биркун А.А., Закурдаева А.Ю. Диспетчерское сопровождение оказания первой помощи очевидцами события при внегоспитальной остановке кровообращения у пострадавшего: реалии и перспективы // Медицина катастроф. 2024. №1. С. 53-58 [Dezhurnyy L.I., Sogomonyan K.A., Birkun A.A., Zakurdayeva A.Yu. Dispatch Support for the Provision of First Aid by Eyewitnesses to an Event during Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in a Victim: Realities and Prospects. Meditsina Katastrof = Disaster Medicine. 2024;1:53-58 (In Russ.)]. Doi: 10.33266/2070-1004-2024-1-53-58.
The material was received 16.06.25; the article after peer review procedure 26.12.25; the Editorial Board accepted the article for publication 16.03.26
